Coronavirus: Indonesia approves China’s Sinovac vaccine amid COVID-19 surge

Indonesia gave Sinovac Biotech’s COVID-19 vaccine its first emergency use approval outside China on Monday as the world’s fourth most populous country launches nationwide inoculations to stem surging infections and deaths.

A lack of data and varying efficacy rates reported for the vaccine from different countries could undermine public trust in the rollout, according to public health experts.

Visit our dedicated coronavirus site here for all the latest updates.

Interim data from a late-stage human test of CoronaVac showed it is 65.3 percent effective, Indonesia’s food and drugs authority BPOM said - lower than figures in Brazil and Turkey which have yet to launch mass vaccinations.

BPOM head Penny K. Lukito said the results met the requirements of the World Health Organization’s minimum efficacy of 50 percent.

A worker registers boxes containing experimental coronavirus vaccines made by Chinese company Sinovac, after arriving at a facility of state-owned pharmaceutical company Bio Farma. (AP)

“Let’s support the COVID-19 vaccination program, because the success of COVID-19 handling belongs to us as a nation,” she said.

President Joko Widodo is set to get his first dose on Wednesday in a sign of the priority placed on immunization in a country of 270 million people that has done far less than Southeast Asian neighbors to contain the virus.

But some public health specialists question how effective the rollout will be given the limited number of doses available, logistical challenges across thousands of islands and skepticism over the vaccine.

A BPOM official said 25 infections were found to get the efficacy rate, but without giving further details.

Dale Fisher of the National University of Singapore told the Reuters Next conference on Monday that not releasing detailed data could be problematic for a fast rollout.

“Messaging is more important than ever,” he said.

Indonesia has suffered more than 24,343 deaths from 836,700 cases. Over a tenth of deaths were in the last two weeks.

A Brazil-based study last week showed Sinovac’s vaccine is 78 percent effective. Turkish researchers said in December it showed 91.25 percent efficacy based on interim analysis.

To start, only three million doses of CoronaVac will be available in Indonesia. Some 1.2 million doses have been dispatched to 34 provinces, which span an area wider than the continental United States.

15-month campaign

Indonesian authorities say they have also secured a total of nearly 330 million doses of vaccine from Sinovac and other companies for a campaign they expect to take 15 months to reach herd immunity once two-thirds of Indonesians are vaccinated.

Siti Nadia Tarmizi, a health ministry official, told Reuters that the approval “would greatly help medical workers as frontliners against COVID-19. This would protect them and reduce deaths among them.”

She said over 500 medical workers have died.

Indonesian security officers carry a box containing coronavirus vaccines upon its arrival in Bali, Indonesia. (AP)

For all the latest headlines follow our Google News channel online or via the app

Sinovac has been overseeing late-stage clinical trials in Indonesia along with local state-owned drugmaker Bio Farma.

Some 1.3 million frontline workers are due to be among the first to receive the vaccines. But as it seeks to revive its economy, Indonesia then plans to prioritize younger workers rather than the vulnerable elderly as many countries have done.

In a possible boost for acceptance in the world’s largest Muslim majority nation, the vaccine was declared “holy and halal” last week by the Indonesian Ulema Council.

But public health workers report skepticism, particularly given it is the first major international campaign using the Sinovac vaccine.

Irma Hidayana, co-founder of Indonesia’s LaporCOVID-19, an independent coronavirus data initiative, said at the Reuters Next conference on Monday public trust in vaccines was a major
issue.

A recent survey by the group found 69 percent were uncertain about getting vaccinated.

Based on traditional vaccine technology that uses inactivated coronavirus, CoronaVac can be stored at normal fridge temperatures of 2-8 degrees Celsius (36°-46°F) and may remain stable for up to three years.

Vaccines offered by Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna use the novel synthetic messenger RNA (mRNA) technology but require more demanding temperature control for storage and transportation.

Read more:

Indonesia to begin mass vaccinations soon, president to get first shot

Nationwide distribution of Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine starts in Indonesia

BioNTech aims to produce 2 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines in 2021